Pew-GAP-March03-9-country.zip

Methodology:

Telephone interviews: U.S. (N=1,032), Britain (N=962), France (N=485), Germany (N=524), Italy (N=500), Spain (N=503).

Urban-only samples: Russia (N=501, cities >500,000), Poland (N=500, face-to-face in urban areas).

Nationwide face-to-face: Turkey (N=513).

Fieldwork organizations:

U.S. – Princeton Data Source (Mar 13–16, 2003)

Britain – NOP (Mar 14–16, 2003)

France – IFOP (Mar 13–14, 2003)

Germany – EMNID (Mar 14–15, 2003)

Italy – Pragma (Mar 12–14, 2003)

Spain – Democopia (Mar 12–17, 2003)

Russia – Romir (Mar 12–14, 2003)

Poland – Demoskop (Mar 10–14, 2003)

Turkey – PIAR (Mar 10–17, 2003)

Sampling error:

±3.5 percentage points (U.S. and Britain).

±5 percentage points (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Poland, Russia, Turkey).

Limitations:

Urban-only coverage in Russia and Poland.

Potential bias from question wording and survey implementation challenges.